AP2M1 Supports TGF-β Signals to Promote Collagen Expression by Inhibiting Caveolin Expression

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is important for normal development and disease states, including inflammation and fibrosis. To understand the complex regulation of ECM, we performed a suppressor screening using Caenorhabditis elegans expressing the mutant ROL-6 collagen protein. One cuticle mutant has a mutation in dpy-23 that encodes the μ2 adaptin (AP2M1) of clathrin-associated protein complex II (AP-2). The subsequent suppressor screening for dpy-23 revealed the lon-2 mutation. LON-2 functions to regulate body size through negative regulation of the tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway responsible for ECM production. RNA-seq analysis showed a dominant change in the expression of collagen genes and cuticle components. We noted an increase in the cav-1 gene encoding caveolin-1, which functions in clathrin-independent endocytosis. By knockdown of cav-1, the reduced TGF-β signal was significantly restored in the dpy-23 mutant. In conclusion, the dpy-23 mutation upregulated cav-1 expression in the hypodermis, and increased CAV-1 resulted in a decrease of TβRI. Finally, the reduction of collagen expression including rol-6 by the reduced TGF-β signal influenced the cuticle formation of the dpy-23 mutant. These findings could help us to understand the complex process of ECM regulation in organism development and disease conditions.     

Double pyrovanadates CaMgV2O7: Formation mechanism,phase structure,and thermodynamic properties

A double pyrovanadate CaMgV₂O₇ sample was synthesized via a facile solid-state route under an air atmosphere. The nonequilibrium formation pathways of the CaMgV₂O₇ were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction. A multistep reactions path (metavanadates–pyrovanadates–double pyrovanadate CaMgV₂O₇) was proposed to describe the formation of the CaMgV₂O₇ considering the thermodynamic and kinetic factors. The cell unit parameters of the CaMgV₂O₇ sample indicated the crystallization according to a monoclinic system with space group P12/c1(14), and the lattice parameters of a = 6.756 Å, b = 14.495 Å, c = 11.253 Å, β = 99.12, and V = 108.806 Å³. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also confirmed the +5 oxidation state vanadium in CaMgV₂O₇. The endothermic effects at 1033 and 1143 K were related to the incongruent melting and liquidus temperatures of CaMgV₂O₇, respectively. The comprehensive thermodynamic properties of CaMgV₂O₇ were established in both low- and high-temperature regions, utilizing a physical property measurement system and multi-high-temperature calorimetry (96 lines). The heat capacity (200 J mol K⁻¹) and entropy (198 J mol K⁻¹) at 298.15 K were computed based on the low-temperature heat capacity values, and the enthalpy of formation at 298.15 K was also estimated. The fitted high-temperature capacity can be used to obtain the changes in the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. This study is part of building a reliable thermodynamic database of the CaO–MgO–V₂O₅ system.     

脉冲激光与电弧布置方式对铝合金焊接熔滴过渡与焊缝形貌的影响

以2219铝合金为基板，研究了不同脉冲激光-电弧布置方式下的熔滴过渡与焊缝形貌特征，分析了熔深增加的机理. 结果表明，当脉冲激光照射母材时，脉冲激光主要提供对母材的热输入，母材温度的增加有助于促进熔滴铺展，稳定熔滴过渡过程；当脉冲激光照射熔滴缩颈时，主要提供对熔滴的力输入，蒸发反力的作用下形成"一脉一滴"，显著提高熔滴过渡频率与熔滴飞行速度，增加了熔滴对熔池的冲击力，熔深增加；当脉冲激光交替的照射熔池和熔滴时，一方面能够对母材进行加热，有助于熔滴的铺展，另一方面能够提高熔滴过渡频率，提高焊缝的均匀性.     

基于多特征融合的电影推荐系统

协同过滤算法（CF）根据用户-物品的评分矩阵做推荐，未考虑物品自身属性。本文将MovieLens数据集上的电影属性，作为影响推荐结果的因素，融合电影的简介、评论、评分、导演和演员等多种因素，进行推荐。使用CNN（卷积神经网络）和Word2Vec（Word to Vector,词向量模型）处理电影简介；使用AFINN（Finn rup Nielsen情感词典）处理评论，并对结果进行映射；对导演和演员数据进行建模，得到该因素下的预测评分，最后将各因素下的结果进行加权融合，通过调整权重，得到最佳效果。经验证，该方法的推荐性能优于传统的CF算法。     

凝胶型99Mo-99mTc发生器研究现状

与裂变型⁹⁹Mo-^99mTc发生器相比，凝胶型⁹⁹Mo-^99mTc发生器制备^99mTc具有工艺简单、产生的放射性废物容易处理、对环境影响小等优点。本文主要论述了凝胶型⁹⁹Mo-^99mTc发生器与裂变型⁹⁹Mo-99mTc发生器的区别，堆照生产⁹⁹Mo原料和凝胶材料的研究进展，凝胶结构以及凝胶组分等多种条件因素对凝胶型⁹⁹Mo-^99mTc发生器性能的影响等，并对低比活度⁹⁹Mo生产^99mTc的研究进展进行综述。     

Evaluation of adult and offspring thiamine deficiency in salmonine species from Lake Ontario

Thiamine Deficiency Complex (TDC) is an ongoing problem impacting salmonine health in various waterbodies, including Lake Ontario. The prevalence of TDC has been variable and explanations for differences are limited. In the current study, thiamine concentrations were measured in eggs, liver tissue, and muscle tissue sampled from brown trout (Salmo trutta), Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), and steelhead trout (O. mykiss) that were collected from Lake Ontario and its surrounding tributaries. The occurrence of TDC was measured for each species based on TDC-induced offspring mortality rates under laboratory conditions. TDC-induced offspring mortality was observed for all species except brown trout. For affected species, egg free thiamine (Th) was consistently low compared to lake trout collected from Lake Superior that are considered thiamine replete. In addition, species with the lowest percentages of Th in their eggs were the most susceptible to TDC, suggesting that limited thiamine reserves in the form of Th may cause TDC-induced offspring mortality. Lastly, our results show that egg thiamine concentrations have yearly variation and increased for all species throughout the study. Reasons for such variation are undetermined; but, if egg thiamine concentrations continue to increase, the impacts of TDC on these salmonine species may lessen. Future monitoring is needed for determining if thiamine concentrations are increasing and the potential impacts that may have on the entire Lake Ontario fishery.     

基于改进耦合增强随机共振的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对强背景噪声下经典随机共振方法对滚动轴承故障特征提取效果差的问题,提出了一种基于改进耦合增强随机共振的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先,利用一个定参双稳系统和一个变参双稳系统构成耦合随机共振系统,外部输入直接作用于定参双稳系统;然后,通过调节变参双稳系统参数和耦合系数实现耦合系统的随机共振控制,并借助遗传算法实现控制参数的自适应选取。实验和工程应用验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性。     

Numerical modelling of a low power non-transferred arc plasma reactor for methane conversion

Thermal flow characteristics and the methane conversion reaction in a low power arc plasma reactor for efficient storage and transport of methane, which is the main component of shale gas, were simulated. The temperature and velocity distributions were calculated according to the type of discharge gases and arc current level by a self-developed magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code and a commercial ANSYS-FLUENT code; the transport of chemical species was analyzed as including the chemical reactions of methane conversion. The simulated results were verified by the comparison of calculated and measured arc voltages with permissible low error as under 4%. Three C₂ hydrocarbon gases with ethane (C₂H₆), ethylene (C₂H₄), and acetylene (C₂H₂) were selected as the converted species of methane from experimental data. The mass fraction of C₂ hydrocarbons and hydrogen as the product of the conversion reaction at the reactor was also calculated. Those values show good agreement with the actual experimental results in that the major conversion reaction occurred in C₂H₂ and hydrogen, and the conversions to C₂H₆, C₂H₄, and hydrogen were minor reactions of methane pyrolysis conversion.     

深井超深井钻井堵漏材料高温老化性能评价

深井超深井钻进裂缝性油气层极易发生频繁的钻井液漏失,造成严重储层损害和重大经济损失。储层段钻进过程中经常发生重复性漏失,意味着仅用酸溶率、粒度分布等常规堵漏材料评价指标已不能满足钻井液漏失控制工程需要。笔者以塔里木盆地克深气田钻井常用的核桃壳、毫米级碳酸钙为研究对象,开展了堵漏材料高温老化评价实验。实验评价结果表明,在180℃的柴油中老化24 h后,核桃壳的颜色由黄色变成黑色,质量损失率为25.16 % ,摩擦系数下降28.24 % ,抗压强度下降21.21 % ;毫米级碳酸钙的颜色由白色变成淡黄色,质量损失率为2.47 % ,摩擦系数下降1.33 % ,抗压强度基本不变;由高温老化后的核桃壳和毫米级碳酸钙所形成的封堵层,其承压能力下降了48.84 % 。分析指出,堵漏材料高温老化失效是深井超深井裂缝封堵层结构破坏并在储层段发生重复性漏失的一个重要因素。     

Effect of preparation method on physicochemical properties and catalytic performances of LaCoO_3 perovskite for CO oxidation

Perovskite oxides LaCoO_3 prepared by templating, co-precipitation and sol-gel method with different complexants were systematically characterized and its catalytic performances for CO oxidation were investigated. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, N_2 physisorption, transmission electron microscopy, temperature program reduction of hydrogen, temperature program desorption of oxygen and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement, results of which show that the properties of LaCoO_3, such as surface morphology, surface area, surface compositions, redox capability, oxygen vacancy, as well as the calcination temperature and formation mechanism, depend intimately on the preparation method. Catalytic tests indicate that the sample prepared by carbon templating method shows the best activity for CO oxidation, with full CO conversion obtained at 135 ℃. In particular, the catalyst can be activated and significant increase of activity can be obtained with the increase of reaction time. The cyclic and longterm stability of catalysts were discussed and compared.